Kidney Res Clin Pract > Epub ahead of print |
Acknowledgments
We would like to thank all the members of the Korean GlomeruloNephritis Study Group.
Characteristic | IC-MPGN | C3G | p-value |
---|---|---|---|
No. of patients | 570 | 50 | |
Age (yr) | 47.9 ± 17.3 | 47.9 ± 21.8 | 0.99 |
<20 | 36 (6.4) | 8 (16.3) | 0.003 |
20–65 | 425 (75.9) | 27 (55.1) | |
<65 | 99 (17.7) | 14 (28.6) | |
Male sex | 404 (70.9) | 29 (58.0) | 0.06 |
Weight (kg) | 64.4 ± 11.7 | 63.0 ± 12.8 | 0.48 |
SBP (mmHg) | 136.4 ± 23.8 | 135.1 ± 24.9 | 0.73 |
DBP (mmHg) | 84.2 ± 15.6 | 78.8 ± 15.4 | 0.02 |
eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 62.7 ± 36.5 | 49.9 ± 40.7 | 0.02 |
Creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.96 ± 2.20 | 3.43 ± 4.12 | 0.02 |
BUN (mg/dL) | 27.4 ± 18.3 | 38.1 ± 29.2 | 0.02 |
Hemoglobin (g/L) | 11.8 ± 2.5 | 11.2 ± 2.4 | 0.12 |
Protein (g/dL) | 5.5 ± 1.1 | 6.2 ± 0.9 | <0.001 |
Albumin (g/dL) | 2.9 ± 0.7 | 3.2 ± 0.7 | 0.002 |
Cholesterol (mg/dL) | 227.9 ± 84.8 | 184.3 ± 63.8 | 0.001 |
CRP (mg/dL) | 1.6 ± 7.4 | 8.2 ± 27.5 | 0.17 |
UPCR (g/g) | 4.7 ± 4.2 | 2.9 ± 2.6 | <0.001 |
<1 | 74 (15.6) | 10 (23.8) | 0.02 |
1–3.5 | 160 (33.7) | 20 (47.6) | |
≥3.5 | 241 (50.7) | 12 (28.6) | |
UACR (g/g)a | 2.9 ± 2.8 | 1.5 ± 1.8 | 0.048 |
Hypertension | 387 (69.4) | 31 (63.3) | 0.38 |
Diabetes mellitus | 91 (17.1) | 4 (8.9) | 0.15 |
CAD | 13 (3.3) | 2 (4.7) | 0.65 |
CVD | 22 (5.6) | 6 (14.0) | 0.047 |
Cancer | 96 (19.0) | 1 (2.6) | 0.01 |
Data are expressed as number only, mean ± standard deviation, or number (%).
BUN, blood urea nitrogen; CAD, coronary artery disease; CRP, C-reactive protein; CVD, cardiovascular disease; C3G, complement 3 glomerulopathy; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; IC-MPGN, immune complex-mediated MPGN; SBP, systolic blood pressure; UACR, urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio; UPCR, urine protein-to-creatinine ratio.
aUACR was measured in 169 patients (Supplementary Table 1, available online).
Variable | IC-MPGN (n = 570) | C3G (n = 50) | p-value |
---|---|---|---|
IgG (mg/dL) | 985.7 ± 542.5 | 1,176.5 ± 482.0 | 0.04 |
IgA (mg/dL) | 284.9 ± 169.3 | 277.3 ± 165.0 | 0.79 |
IgM (mg/dL)a | 126.7 ± 127.6 | 92.2 ± 45.9 | 0.002 |
C3 (mg/dL) | 82.9 ± 31.7 | 73.0 ± 33.1 | 0.04 |
C4 (mg/dL) | 23.6 ± 12.9 | 24.7 ± 12.3 | 0.58 |
Rheumatoid factorb | 12.2 ± 108.9 | 8.0 ± 10.4 | 0.86 |
HBsAg | 166 (35.3) | 3 (7.0) | <0.001 |
HCV antibody | 29 (8.5) | 2 (5.7) | 0.75 |
HIV antibodyc | 0 (0) | 1 (4.2) | 0.09 |
ANAd | 64 (20.9) | 4 (10.5) | 0.13 |
ANCAe | 14 (5.3) | 2 (5.9) | 0.70 |
Treatmentf | |||
Corticosteroids | 125 (36.5) | 7 (33.3) | 0.77 |
Mycophenolate mofetil | 35 (10.2) | 0 (0) | 0.24 |
Cyclophosphamide | 50 (14.6) | 2 (9.5) | 0.75 |
Azathioprine | 2 (0.6) | 1 (4.8) | 0.16 |
Calcineurin inhibitor | 38 (11.1) | 1 (4.8) | 0.71 |
Rituximab | 6 (1.8) | 0 (0) | >0.99 |
Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation or number (%).
ANA, antinuclear antibody; ANCA, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody; C3, complement 3; C3G, C3 glomerulopathy; C4, complement 4; HBsAg, hepatitis B surface antigen; HCV, hepatitis C virus; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; IC-MPGN, immune complex-mediated MPGN; Ig, immunoglobulin.
Variable | IC-MPGN (n = 570) | C3G (n = 50) | p-value |
---|---|---|---|
Mesangial hypercellularitya | 406 (77.2) | 34 (70.8) | 0.32 |
Interstitial fibrosisa | 396 (76.0) | 25 (52.1) | <0.001 |
Interstitial inflammationa | 368 (70.6) | 37 (77.1) | 0.35 |
Tubular atrophya | 411 (79.2) | 28 (58.3) | 0.001 |
Crescentb | 101 (19.3) | 13 (27.1) | 0.20 |
Glomerular cellularitya | 356 (67.7) | 22 (45.8) | 0.002 |
Global sclerosisc | 291 (55.5) | 24 (50.0) | 0.46 |
Segmental sclerosisd | 218 (41.6) | 10 (20.8) | 0.005 |
Model | Decline in eGFR of 40% | p-value | |
---|---|---|---|
IC-MPGN | C3G | ||
1 | Reference | 0.70 (0.26–1.90) | 0.48 |
2 | Reference | 0.50 (0.18–1.37) | 0.18 |
3 | Reference | 0.32 (0.09–1.12) | 0.08 |
Data are expressed as relative risk (95% confidence interval).
C3G, C3 glomerulopathy; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; IC-MPGN, immune complex-mediated membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis.
Model 1: Unadjusted. Model 2: Outcome was adjusted by age and sex. Model 3: Outcome was adjusted by age, sex, weight, systolic blood pressure, estimated glomerular filtration rate, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, serum albumin, cholesterol, and urine protein-to-creatinine ratio.
SungYeon Kim
https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1141-2911
Young Eun Choi
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7837-602X
Sung Gyun Kim
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5034-0527
Dong-Ryeol Ryu
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5309-7606
Sun-Hee Park
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0953-3343
Tai Yeon Koo
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2014-7723
Myung-Gyu Kim
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8807-2452
Sang Kyung Jo
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0496-0258
Se Won Oh
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3795-9322